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AIM:To observe the image features of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) and multiple central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT).METHODS:Thirty-two eyes of 17 patients with VKH and thirty-five eyes of 30 patients with multiple CSC were collected from 2009 to 2016 in my hospital.RESULTS:All the eyes with VKH were found small and dense fluorescein leakage in the early stage.The 17 eyes (53%) with VKH were found fluorescein accumulation in the final stage;24 eyes (75%) with VKH were found high fluorescence of optic disc.All of eyes with multiple CSC were found multifocal leakage in the early stage.And 2 eyes (6%) with multiple CSC were found high fluorescence of optic disc.There were 28 eyes (14 patients) with VKH and 25 eyes (22 patients) with multiple CSC had been done OCT in my hospital.Retinal pigment epithelial fold was only found in VKH.Fluctuation of internal limiting membrane (ILM) and membrane structure had higher sensitivity to diagnostic VKH from to multiple CSC, with sensitivity of 54% and 68% respectively.CONCLUSION:There are some similarities as well as differences between FFA and OCT in diagnosis of VKH and multiple CSC.A combination usage of FFA and OCT can be more effective in distinguishing VKH from multiple CSC.
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Objective To compare the diagnosis values of the standard apparent diffusion coefficient(ADCtotal) that calculated from the monoexponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the parameters (slow apparent diffusion coefficient [ADCslow],fast apparent diffusion coefficient [ADCfast] and fraction of ADC [f]) derived from the biexponential DWI for central gland (CG) prostate cancer, glandular prostatic hyperplasia(GH) and stromal prostatic hyperplasia (SH). Methods The clinical data of 23 patients with CG prostate cancer, 19 patients with GH and 24 patients with SH, who were proven by magnetic resonance/transrectal ultrasound (MR/TRUS) fusion-guided target biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients underwent MRI examination including T2WI, T1WI and b-value DWI before biopsy. The b-values of DWI were 0,50,100,150,200,500,800,1 000,1 500 and 2 000 s/mm2. The match of target biopsy area and DWI images was done based on the pathology results. Then the ADCtotal, ADCslow, ADCfast and f values were measured for all the pathological types. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for difference comparison, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to analyze each parameter and evaluate their diagnostic efficiency for CG prostate cancer, SH and GH. Results The ADCtotal (×10-3 mm2/s) values of CG prostate cancer, GH and SH were (0.46±0.06), (0.87±0.19) and (0.68±0.09); the ADCslow (×10−3 mm2/s) values were (0.39±0.13), (0.57±0.15) and (0.49±0.13); the ADCfast (×10−3 mm2/s) values were (4.8±2.5), (3.6±0.76) and (4.5±1.8); and the f values were (0.43±0.10), (0.68±0.09) and (0.58±0.08), respectively. There were significant differences in ADCtotal, ADCslow and f values among different groups (P=0.000, 0.001 and 0.000), but not in ADCfast values (P=0.489). The area under curve (AUC) of ADCtotal, ADCslow and f value for CG prostate cancer and GH were 1, 0.828, and 0.971, respectively. The AUC values of ADCtotal, ADCslow and f value for differential diagnosis of CG prostate cancer and SH were 0.991, 0.719, and 0.861, respectively. The AUC values of ADCtotal, ADCslow and f value for GH and SH were 0.876, 0.650, and 0.831, respectively. Conclusion When b value is 0-2 000 s/mm2, the ADCtotal that calculated from the monoexponential model for diagnosis of CG prostate cancer, GH and SH is more efficient than the ADCslow and f value that derived from biexponential model.
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Objective To investigate the optimal b value in diffusion weighted MR imaging for diagnosis of prostate cancer at 3-T while using magnetic resonance/transrectal ultrasound (MR/TRUS) fusion-guided biopsy and system biopsy pathological findings as reference standard. Methods Forty-three consecutive patients were enrolled in this prospective study; they were suspected to have prostate cancer and underwent T2WI and diffusion-weighted MRI with 10 b-values (0,50,100,150,200,500,800,1 000,1 500,and 2 000 s/mm2) prior to biopsy. DWI combined with T2WI analysis was used for detecting prostate cancer. The biopsy modality was decided by the MRI results: patients had suspicious lesions took MR/TRUS fusion-guided biopsy and system biopsy and those had no suspicious lesions took system biopsy only. The signal intensity of prostate cancer lesions and normal prostate tissue on DWI of different b values were measured. Statistical analyses were performed by a Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test to compare the signal intensities between prostate cancer and normal prostate tissue. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were used to calculate the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity, so as to determine the optimal b value for revealing prostate cancer on DWI. Results Twenty-two of the 43 patients were diagnosed as prostate cancer, with 16 diagnosed as benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 5 as prostatitis. Among the 22 prostate cancer patients b=1 500 s/mm2 and b=2 000 s/mm2 DWI images provided the best lesion visibility in 16/22 and in 6/22 patients, respectively. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test showed that the signal intensities of the lesions and the normal tissues were significantly different(P2 (P=0.236). ROC curve indicated that the optimal signal intensity contrast was obtained at b=1 500 s/mm2 (P2 is optimal for 3-T DWI to visualize prostate cancer lesions, and b=500 s/mm2 has the lowest diagnosis efficiency.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Copernicus optical coherence tomography (SOCT) is a new, ultra high-speed and high-resolution instrument available for clinical evaluation of optic nerve. The purpose of the study was to compare the agreements between SOCT and Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 44 healthy normal volunteers were recruited in this study. One eye in each subject was selected randomly. Agreement between SOCT and HRT-3 in measuring optic disc area was assessed using Bland-Altman plots. Relationships between measurements of optic nerve head parameter obtained by SOCT and HRT-3 were assessed by Pearson correlation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in the average cup area (0.306 vs. 0.355 mm, P = 0.766), cup volume (0.158 vs. 0.130 mm, P = 0.106) and cup/disc ration (0.394 vs. 0.349 mm, P = 0.576) measured by the two instruments. However, other optic disc parameters from SOCT were significantly lower compared with HRT-3. The Bland-Altman plot revealed good agreement of cup area and cup volume measured by SOCT and HRT-3. Bad agreement of disc area, rim area, rim volume and cup/disc ratio were found between SOCT and HRT-3. The highest correlations between the two instruments were observed for cup area (r(2) = 0.783, P = 0.000) and cup/disc ratio (r(2) = 0.669, P = 0.000), whereas the lowest correlation was observed for disc area (r(2) = 0.100, P = 0.037), rim area (r(2) = 0.275, P = 0.000), cup volume (r(2) = 0.005, P = 0.391) and rim volume (r(2) = 0.021, P = 0.346).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were poor agreements between SOCT and HRT-3 for measurement of optic nerve parameters except cup area and cup volume. Measurement results of the two instruments are not interchangeable.</p>